Quotient Complexities of Atoms in Regular Ideal Languages

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Quotient Complexities of Atoms in Regular Ideal Languages

A (left) quotient of a language L by a word w is the language wL = {x | wx ∈ L}. The quotient complexity of a regular language L is the number of quotients of L; it is equal to the state complexity of L, which is the number of states in a minimal deterministic finite automaton accepting L. An atom of L is an equivalence class of the relation in which two words are equivalent if for each quotien...

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Quotient Complexities of Atoms of Regular Languages

An atom of a regular language L with n (left) quotients is a non-empty intersection of uncomplemented or complemented quotients of L, where each of the n quotients appears in a term of the intersection. The quotient complexity of L, which is the same as the state complexity of L, is the number of quotients of L. We prove that, for any language L with quotient complexity n, the quotient complexi...

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Maximal Syntactic Complexity of Regular Languages Implies Maximal Quotient Complexities of Atoms

We relate two measures of complexity of regular languages. The first is syntactic complexity, that is, the cardinality of the syntactic semigroup of the language. That semigroup is isomorphic to the semigroup of transformations of states induced by non-empty words in the minimal deterministic finite automaton accepting the language. If the language has n left quotients (its minimal automaton ha...

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Quotient Complexity of Ideal Languages

We study the state complexity of regular operations in the class of ideal languages. A language L ⊆ Σ∗ is a right (left) ideal if it satisfies L = LΣ∗ (L = Σ∗L). It is a two-sided ideal if L = Σ∗LΣ∗, and an all-sided ideal if L = Σ∗ L, the shuffle of Σ∗ with L. We prefer the term “quotient complexity” instead of “state complexity”, and we use derivatives to calculate upper bounds on quotient co...

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Quotient Complexity of Regular Languages

The past research on the state complexity of operations on regular languages is examined, and a new approach based on an old method (derivatives of regular expressions) is presented. Since state complexity is a property of a language, it is appropriate to define it in formal-language terms as the number of distinct quotients of the language, and to call it “quotient complexity”. The problem of ...

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ژورنال

عنوان ژورنال: Acta Cybernetica

سال: 2015

ISSN: 0324-721X

DOI: 10.14232/actacyb.22.2.2015.4